Great Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Great Depression - Essay Example Many dynamics factored into bringing about the Great Depression but there were two central contributing causes. The first of these was that the wealth of the nation was unevenly distributed. A middle class, as we would define it today, did not exist. The country was literally divided between the ‘haves and the have nots.’ Some very few people had enormous wealth and power while a much greater number of the population consisted of those struggling to pay the bills each month. This condition established an unstable economy requiring only a small thing to send it off the tracks. This condition then combined with inflated speculations among the majority of stock market investors much like what has occurred recently in the marketplace. â€Å"The excessive speculation in the late 1920’s kept the stock market artificially high, but eventually lead to large market crashes. These market crashes, combined with the mal-distribution of wealth, caused the American economy to capsize† (Hicks, 1960 p. 110). The effects of the Great Depression were many and widespread. Banks were not federally mandated to insure depositors at this time. Therefore when the hundreds of banks suddenly failed, millions of people lost their life savings. Immediately following the bank failures, many factories were forced to close and all types and sizes of businesses dissolved leaving many workers without jobs or money in the bank. Many businesses and financial institutions failed. The businesses that stayed open were barely making enough to remain operational. The tax base fell suddenly which affected local governments, many of which could not continue to conduct some city services at a normal capacity. The price of farm products also fell sharply and the mass foreclosures of family farms soon followed causing bloody clashes between the owners and the bank representatives. Of those who were able to hold on to

Toll Fraud Schemes Essay Example for Free

Toll Fraud Schemes Essay Toll fraud is identified as the stealing of long distance call services by unknown third party hackers (Aginsky). The said call operators are after the money they can get from stealing and selling access to international calls. There are also instances that they are doing toll fraud schemes just for fun (Aginsky). It primarily uses telephone calls to gain profit in a very easy way by fabricating stories and disguising as company representatives. Three Examples of Toll Fraud Schemes (1) Toner Phoner or Voice Mail Penetration Scheme This scheme usually happens when someone receives a call from someone declaring to be from any office supply companies and offers best deals and last chance promos for you to buy their products (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 38-39). Upon payment, no supplies will be delivered and if ever supplies are delivered, it is overpriced and of low quality (Rosoff, Pontell, Tillman 38-39). Once a complaint is filed against the supplier the truth will came out and the customer will be surprised to know that the one who called him/her has nor elation with the regular supplier (Aginsky). â€Å"Fraudulent companies often use threats of collection or legal action to get payment† (Aginsky). (2) Telemarketing The scam with telemarketing varies in forms. It can be in mail form or by means of phone calls solicitation of products to be donated in prominent charities only to find out that these charitable institutions are unregistered and fake (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 35-41). Callers often disguise as sick or old and attempts to obtain delicate information like bank account or credit card numbers (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 35-41). Another scenario of telemarketing is when business offices are called and they are asked of the brand and specifications of their products. After the call, shipments of unsolicited supplies will be received by the company and they will be charged with overblown prices. (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 35-41). (3) Phone Phreaking Phone phreaking occurs by acquiring facts about the network operation of a certain telephone company in order to gain access to place unauthorized international calls (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 366). Phone phreaks usually do this for personal use especially when their relatives are based abroad. It is also used for tricking telecommunication employees to gain technical information (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman 386-389) The effects of fraudulent schemes to consumers and businesses Victims of fraudulent schemes are not only consumers but business owners and employees as well. The reputation of businesses will be damaged and they will loose loyal customers because of wrong accusations against their company. Customer reliability is important to gain trust from customers who will patronize a particular business. Because of fraud schemes, this reliance is lost and business owners will be criticize and ridiculed   Consumers are left with the burden of paying phone bills and certain products which they did not made or purchased (Rosoff, Pontell, and Tillman).

Marketing Plan for Internet Cafes In India Essay -- Business Managemen

Marketing Plan for Internet Cafes In India Executive Summary The goal of this marketing plan is to outline the strategies, tactics, and programs that will make the sales goals outlined in this Internet Cafe business plan a reality in the year 2003 in few states in India. This plan is for Indian Markets only. Internet Cafe, unlike a typical cafe, provides a unique forum for communication and entertainment through the medium of the Internet. Internet Cafe is the answer to an increasing demand. The public wants: (1) access to the methods of communication and volumes of information now available on the Internet, and (2) a place to socialize and share these experiences with friends and colleagues. Marketing will play a vital role in the success of Internet Cafe. Internet Cafe must build a brand around the services it offers by heavily promoting itself through local television, radio, and print advertising. Marketing efforts are just beginning by the time a potential customer enters Internet Cafe for the first time. A strong emphasis will be put on keeping customers and building brand loyalty through programs focused on staffing, experience, and customer satisfaction. Target markets include: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Students from nearby housing centers. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business people from the downtown business centers and professional buildings. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Seniors from nearby retirement facilities. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Family members – People who have relatives abroad. This group is very large in few states in India especially states like Kerala where minimum one member from each family living abroad. Situation Analysis Internet Cafe opened its doors for business a little over a year ago. Business is good, and customers have been impressed with our offerings, but we need to focus our efforts on implementing the strategies, programs, and tactics outlined in the original business plan. Differentiating ourselves from other more traditional cafes has given us the ability to effectively compete on the beverage and pastry side of the business with the already entrenched competition. Sales are brisk and in-line with projections. The Internet services side of the business is rapidly being accepted by the local community. Memberships are meeting the projections outlined in the business plan, and sales of Internet services are meeting the goals forecast. Students love to gather for late... ...ove the allocated 20%. We'll be able to hire the marketing manager earlier, and we'll be able to provide more equipment and possibly add an additional location. Revenues miss projections - We have to be prepared for this possibility. If we miss our projections, we simply have to re-double our marketing efforts. The danger in this scenario is that the first reaction to missed projections is to decrease spending, particularly marketing expenses. We can't do that! We have to get our message out to the target market, and we can't do that if we stop spending on marketing. Additional capital infusions may become necessary and that possibility is detailed in the business plan. Internet side of business plays a lesser role - Our customers might not be willing to pay for Internet access or Internet Cafe memberships as Internet access costs and hardware costs continue to fall. If this scenario materializes, we will need to move our focus to beverages and pastry items, perhaps even providing deli-style lunches. Internet services in the scenario would still play an important role in attracting customers; we'd just have to charge less and move our numbers around to accommodate this trend.

My sop to nyu review

I am confident that combination of business and legal studies would enable me to show best of my intellectual capacity and prosper in competitive commercial market. I have stayed among top student in class during my five years of law study from an institution where mode of academic instruction was only in English. My active participation In debate, mock trials and community service had earned me numerous ward to which a honor given by international court of Justice Judge hold an exceptional value as I was not only chosen among 120 best legal scholars In world but only Indian to receive that as of now.My association with Mr. Wang during internship made me learn role of international arbitration in rsolving disputes where parties belonging to different legal system are involved with common interest. I was fortunate to submit my inputs to combat problem like smuggling across international border. currently I am in final ear of competing my masters in international in past . relation alt hough I have completed my diploma in business management.The professional experience which I gained while working in an international law firm had developed my base toward application of law In regard to international business among two natlon. The more I experience, the more I felt that my tralnlng In India falls short of what I needed to effectively deal with my International counterpart In course of my practice . My vision lies to gain Insight Into legal structure of U S A. hich us biggest foreign investor of my country. Which is world fastest developing economy.A exposure to study LLM at NYU in international business regulation, arbitration and litigation will help me to analyze procedural law on international business and likely influence policymakers in its direct indirect benefit to my country in term of business opportunity and competitiveness by issuing measures to bring more foreign investment, cautious approach toward intellectual properly right,peacefull ettlement of int ernational dispute through arbitration on faster node as I want to serve as foreign legal consultant for my country after doing LLM from USA.

Social Work Theme

Dave was viciously trampled and famished by his biological mother who is psychologically unsound and always intoxicated (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). He is treated by his mother as a slave, instead of a young boy or instead of a son (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).Referred to by his mother as an â€Å"it†, he is made to sleep in the basement where it is extremely cold (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). In addition to that, the clothes he wears were torn and dirty (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). He was also usually not given permission to eat; in case his mother feels like feeding him, he will be provided with â€Å"scraps which came from the dog’s bowl† (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). His condition was noticed by some of the school authorities and later a police came over to help end his dilemma (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).Social Work Themeâ€Å"A Child Called It’s† social work theme is centered generally on â€Å"problems on living† specifically â€Å"child abuse† (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). He usually goes hungry when he goes to school; he isn’t provided with breakfast and the same thing happens at home (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).Dave is allowed to eat so seldom that he usually feels weak working or going to school with an empty stomach (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). The main character is smacked in the face whenever he forgets what his mother asks him to find (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 31 – 32).He usually is not provided with food; it is fortunate if there would be â€Å"leftovers from one of his brothers’ cereal bowls† and if he was behaved enough for such a reward since usually those would be given to the dog (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 4). When he is caught stealing from the garbage can, he will be slapped; any form of punishment is given to him as long as it is exceedingly agonizing (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 4).He is made to accomplish multiple chores at ho me as well instead of allowing him to play outside with his brother who enjoys the sun so much (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).His mother was so mad at Dave that she always threatens to kill him (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 83 – 84). There was a time when Dave was stabbed on the chest by his mother (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 83 – 84). However, his mother did not acknowledge that just like what she did when she broke his shoulders (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 83 – 84).Principles in Human ServiceWith â€Å"Dave Pelzer’s† case, I believe that the principle applicable in human service delivery would be â€Å"case management† (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169). This is because in a â€Å"case management†, it is possible to carry out a â€Å"face-to-face comprehensive assessment† (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).A â€Å"face-to-face comprehensive assessment† is appropriate for â€Å"Dave Pelzer† since he is not really willing to tell the whol e story especially if his mother will eventually be held accountable and sent to jail (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).Through a one-on-one with the social worker, his strengths and weaknesses will be analyzed by the social worker which will help the latter come up with an â€Å"individualized service plan† in consideration of what the client acknowledges as â€Å"main concerns, desired result, as well as, interventions to be utilized (Pelzer, 1995, pp. 1 – 169).

Free Essays on Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Reasons for Europe’s First Coming to Africa: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade From the early 1400’s Portugal and other European countries were looking for a way to go around paying high Muslim prices for goods from the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Prince Henry the Navigator designed a plan to go around Africa, instead of through it, to get directly to the market. By the end of the 15th century Portugal had made it around the southern tip of the continent, up the East African coast and on to India, but not within any African contact. As they sailed down Africa, hugged her coast, the Portuguese baptized certain areas, forcing Africans to recognize their authority. Although European influence remained along much of the East African coast they could not gain political control, which still belonged to the Arabs and Africans. This contact with Africa led to the Atlantic Ocean Slave Trade. Portugal did not set out to start the Trans-Atlantic slave trade but with the discovery of the New World and evolution of the plantation system there was a need for labor. The Portuguese had already started sugar plantations on offshore islands where they used African labor and took them back to England so, even before the settlement of the Americas, Europe witnessed the development of black slavery. The Europeans, who always traveled without their wives, married African women and had children. This gave birth to the class of Mulattoes who were apart of two cultures, African and European. They used their knowledge of African language and culture to help their European fathers in capturing and enslaving other Africans. As the demand increased settlers and mulattoes of the offshore islands supplied many slaves by launching raids on the mainland. Unfortunately, the kidnapping could not fill the increasing demand for slaves in the Americas. Also, the Portuguese wanted to continue trade with the Africans, which cou... Free Essays on Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Free Essays on Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Reasons for Europe’s First Coming to Africa: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade From the early 1400’s Portugal and other European countries were looking for a way to go around paying high Muslim prices for goods from the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Prince Henry the Navigator designed a plan to go around Africa, instead of through it, to get directly to the market. By the end of the 15th century Portugal had made it around the southern tip of the continent, up the East African coast and on to India, but not within any African contact. As they sailed down Africa, hugged her coast, the Portuguese baptized certain areas, forcing Africans to recognize their authority. Although European influence remained along much of the East African coast they could not gain political control, which still belonged to the Arabs and Africans. This contact with Africa led to the Atlantic Ocean Slave Trade. Portugal did not set out to start the Trans-Atlantic slave trade but with the discovery of the New World and evolution of the plantation system there was a need for labor. The Portuguese had already started sugar plantations on offshore islands where they used African labor and took them back to England so, even before the settlement of the Americas, Europe witnessed the development of black slavery. The Europeans, who always traveled without their wives, married African women and had children. This gave birth to the class of Mulattoes who were apart of two cultures, African and European. They used their knowledge of African language and culture to help their European fathers in capturing and enslaving other Africans. As the demand increased settlers and mulattoes of the offshore islands supplied many slaves by launching raids on the mainland. Unfortunately, the kidnapping could not fill the increasing demand for slaves in the Americas. Also, the Portuguese wanted to continue trade with the Africans, which cou...

Osmosis Definition in Chemistry and Biology

Osmosis Definition in Chemistry and Biology Two important mass transport processes in chemistry and biology are diffusion and osmosis. Osmosis Definition Osmosis is the process where solvent molecules move through a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a more concentrated solution (which becomes more dilute). In most cases, the solvent is water. However, the solvent may be another liquid or even a gas. Osmosis can be made to do work. History The phenomenon of osmosis was first documents in 1748 by Jean-Antoine Nollet. The term osmosis was coined by French physician  Renà © Joachim Henri Dutrochet, who derived it from the terms endosmose and exosmose. How Osmosis Works Osmosis acts to equalize concentration on both sides of a membrane. Since the solute particles are incapable of crossing the membrane, its the water (or other solvent) that needs to move. The closer the system gets to equilibrium, the more stable it becomes, so osmosis is thermodynamically favorable. Example of Osmosis A good example of osmosis is seen when red blood cells are placed into fresh water. The cell membrane of the red blood cells is a semipermeable membrane. The concentration of ions and other solute molecules is higher inside the cell than outside it, so water moves into the cell via osmosis. This causes the cells to swell. Since the concentration cannot reach equilibrium, the amount of water that can move into the cell is moderated by the pressure of the cell membrane acting on the contents of the cell. Often, the cell takes in more water than the membrane can sustain, causing the cell to burst. A related term is osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure is the external pressure that would need to be applied such that there would be no net movement of solvent across a membrane.

20 Archetypes for People Based on Names

20 Archetypes for People Based on Names 20 Archetypes for People Based on Names 20 Archetypes for People Based on Names By Mark Nichol Various expressions have arisen, sometimes from folkloric or historical origins, to describe types of people by assigning them with personal names. Here are twenty such appellations and their definitions and (sometimes only probable) origins. 1. Average Joe: the average man from a demographic viewpoint; from the ubiquity of the name Joe 2. Chatty Cathy: an annoyingly verbose woman; coined through alliteration and rhyme 3. Debbie Downer: a naysayer or pessimist; coined by joining an alliterative common name with a descriptive label 4. Doubting Thomas: a skeptic; inspired by the name of one of the twelve apostles of Jesus, who refused to believe in Jesus’s resurrection until he saw him 5. Dumb Dora: a dimwitted or foolish woman, from early-twentieth-century slang; coined by joining an alliterative common name with a descriptive label 6. Gloomy Gus: (see â€Å"Debbie Downer†); based on a cartoon character named by joining an alliterative common name with a descriptive label 7. Good-Time Charlie: a hedonist; probably based on a reference in a Damon Runyon story about a speakeasy by that name 8. Handy Andy: a person with useful skills; inspired by rhyming a common name with a descriptive label 9. Jack-the-lad: an arrogant, carefree young man; probably inspired by the name of a thief who became a folk hero because of multiple escapes from prison 10. Joe Blow: (see â€Å"Average Joe†) 11. Joe Cool: someone who presents a fashionable or unflappable persona; probably originated with the name of an alter ego of the character Snoopy in the Peanuts comic strip 12. Joe Six-Pack (or â€Å"Joe Sixpack†): (see â€Å"Average Joe,† imagined as a working-class man who enjoys drinking beer, thus the reference to a six-pack) 13. Mary Sue: any main character in a story who is unrealistically capable and flawless; inspired by the name’s all-American, wholesome, winsome associations 14. Merry Andrew: a clownish person; based on an archetypal clown act 15. Nervous Nellie: a timid, easily upset person of either gender; originally, a reference to a high-strung racehorse, influenced by Old Nell, a name associated with nags, or older horses 16. Peeping Tom: a voyeur; based on an apocryphal story of an onlooker (identified with a common name) during the based-in-fact tale of Lady Godiva 17. plain Jane: a girl or woman of average appearance, or any unprepossessing object; inspired by rhyming a common name with a descriptive label 18. Simple Simon: a gullible, unintelligent person; derived from a folk character 19. Smart Aleck (or â€Å"smart alec†): a know-it-all; apparently inspired by a nineteenth-century con man the police called â€Å"Smart Alec† 20. Typhoid Mary: a person who spreads disease or another undesirable thing; named after Mary Mallon, an asymptomatic carrier of typhoid Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with HeartHow to Pronounce Mobile10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

Hertage Assesment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hertage Assesment - Essay Example There is frequently a conflict concerning patients’ practices and those understood to be suitable by the health care providing society because attitudes vary amongst ethnic groups. It is imperative that the healthcare provide knows: Possess the information of cultural ingestion patterns and family traditions such as core foods, fasting and traditional celebrations. Be able to know limits of own abilities and cultural competencies How own cultural background and experiences and attitudes, biases, values influence nutrition therapy. Have shifted from a position of cultural awareness to a position of being sensitive and aware in relation to cultural heritage. The aspect of respecting and valuing respecting differences is also inclusive. Understand food selection, preparation, and storage with a cultural context. Familiarize him/her with relevant research and latest findings concerning food practices and nutrition-related health troubles of a variety of and racial groups. Heritage Assessment Tool Cultural heritage plays a big part in the economic, health and social promotion of the person. The use of heritage evaluation tools helps healthcare providers assess and look at someone’s tradition, as well as customary health methods used to keep health, protect health, and re-establish health; by putting in use these ideas, it helps healthcare professionals cope with a person’s mental, spiritual beliefs and physical. Different cultures have special values and beliefs of health, disease, birth, illness, and; assessing these cultural competencies is vital in order to offer a holistic approach. Heritage assessment tools helps both the health provider and patient by opening a passageway for an efficient communication of one’s values, beliefs, in regards to, illness, health, spiritual values as well as family support. Why there is a need for Cultural and Heritage Assessment The United States is home for diverse culture. Culture is defined as  "the learned, shared, and transmitted values, lifestyle, beliefs, norms, and practices of a particular group that guide, decisions, opinion and actions in patterned way†. Heritage assessment is a great tool to know about one’s own beliefs and health traditions. Nurses have to understand their own cultural practices in order to relate to others. There is high-quality proof that health professionals do not, by design, boast the skills and attitudes essential to be successful in culturally varied healthcare environments. This study therefore examines the connection by investigating how cutting edge staff and patients in great urban hospitals identify issues of healthcare workforce and patient diversity. As a community practitioner, one should be aware that specific conditions develop at critical times in family development and it is their understanding of the culture influencing the community that will solve these problems in a fast and efficient manner. Among the importan t challenges nutritionists and dietitians come across at present and in the near future are the increased emphasis on client/patient behavioral changes in relation to evidence of effectiveness: and the more and more diverse population of this country. Sensitivity to cultural differences in us and in those of different cultural backgrounds is a significant feature of competence in the attainment of a diverse population. Nutrition counselors are at the moment and will be tested on their capability to create desirable behavioral changes in patients/clients. Language barriers also contribute to the complexity of the cultural

Discussions W1-3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discussions W1-3 - Assignment Example This include: independence, integrity, objectivity and being transparent. The body hopes that its independence from undue pressure will not have an influence in its decision-making processes. The board has to be ethical, honest and forthright in all its relationships. It also has to be impartial in its decisions so that it can encourage open public participation. FASB on the other hand, is responsible for improving the financial accounting and reporting by non-governmental agencies. The boards has to ensure that such institutions provide financial information that is accurate and useful to investors and other end users. The board encourages broad participation of all stakeholders view in an effort to come up with better financial reporting standards. There are some differences in accounting for profits and nonprofit financial reporting. The standards of reporting for the two accounting boards are very different especially when it comes to accounting for profit. In recognition of prof its for instance, GABS does not necessarily recognize profits because it is a non-profit making venture and instead it may be called surplus. FASB on the other hand, does recognize profits in its financial reporting and is one of the most important information for decision makers. Therefore, profit is always recognized and has to be reported in the financial statements of profit making institutions. Government reporting is often a challenge especially when one has to consider that the government has to take into consideration different aspects. For instance, government reporting is different for counties and that of the city because of different reasons. First, the counties are usually under the local authorities and the cities are usually under a municipality and thus the difference. The reporting also has to take into consideration the number of residents or the population of the inhabitants. This is especially crucial in knowing what the resources will be allocated to each county and city. As is the case, some counties are larger than cities and some cities are bigger than counties. Therefore, there has to be some consistency in reporting of financial statements for the two. GABS reporting on financial statements of non-profit making institutions has to take into consideration three main characteristics. First, the information shared has to be useful to the end users. The main use of information is to influence decision-making, therefore the information has to be useful to people who are not looking for profits but rather how resources or services have been provided effectively. Secondly, GABS has to take into consideration the fact that most users are not familiar with accounting standards for governmental organizations. Therefore, the board has to educate and guide the end users in interpreting financial reporting for non-profit organizations. Finally, the decision makers are the most important and integral part of reporting. The government should not alt er any information on financial statements to influence the minds of the decision makers (gasb.org, 2012). There are similarities and contrasts in the way financial reporting is conducted under the International financial reporting standards and the U.S GAAP especially when it comes to leases. Both accounting reporting are similar in that they recognize the three types of leases. They recognize the existence of a capital lease, a financial lease and an operating lease. Secondly, the two

Payam - Strategic Information Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Payam - Strategic Information Managment - Essay Example Thus, information that goes into the system must be analysed at various levels, according to the task organisation requirements. Therefore, the discussion about the best information system (IS) to be included is critical in order to support the decision-making process (Lucey, 1997). This case study takes an in-depth look at Optical Filters Ltd. (OFL), a company that is attempting to improve its sales order process to better satisfy its customers. In an effort to improve its processes and increase market share, the company has decided to revisit their business objectives (i.e. the way they make decisions), to find new ways of communicating the important information in real-time. 2 Optical Filters and Business Model OFL is a world leader in the design and manufacture of EMI-shielded and contrast-enhancement windows. The company was established in 1988 in the United Kingdom (UK), and has remained a family-owned and operated business. Its proficiency lies in optical expertise and the dry film lamination of plastic and glass filters for displays and enclosures. OFL is based out of Thame, Oxfordshire and is registered to ISO9001:2000 for the design and manufacture of products to enhance displays. The company currently supplies its products to the aerospace, defence, and security industries. OFL employs approximately 40 employees in its UK facilities with a turnover of close to ?6 million per year (Optical Filters, 2010). 2.1 Business Model and Strategic View OFL has been a major supplier of heated glass to 3M and BAE Systems, which have been the company’s two largest customers. The company is involved in a high-variety, low-volume business (Naylor, 2002). Thus, due to the nature of production, OFL must always use skilful assembly operators and engineers to complete sales orders. There are three major objectives OFL focuses on when servicing its customers: Quality products with competitive price On-time delivery Short lead time Strategically, the business has r eported looking forward to increase its market share in both the UK and the United States (US). This goal is the primary reason for establishing effective customer interaction procedures. To make this a reality, the company realizes its image and performance must be changed. OFL must focus on the following two primary objectives of IS development: Improve the information flow across the organisation to create a visibility about sales orders, production capacity and materials management To improve OFL’s reputation, in term of deliveries, quality, and shorter order processing time These objectives are in line with the strategic decision and plans for the next fiscal year. The relationship between the above objectives and the strategy that must be followed in the IS design to support and add value to what they are attempting. 2.2 Business Environment In order for a business to be successful, it is important for the company to always be mindful of the surrounding environment that influences its business. As highlighted by Porter (2003),

Allegory 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Allegory 3 - Assignment Example She only took their old clothes and things from their old life before they got rich. The truck driver was unrepentant. He continued his vices which consumed all his money. Soon, he woke up homeless and carless because his debts resulted to him losing everything. When he went to his old village, he found his wife living with another man, a truck driver who loved her and her children, a man who came home not smelling like alcohol and with red eyes from drug abuse, but one with a smile and long hugs for everyone. That night, the truck driver jumped from the bridge to embrace death that ended all his pain. One day, there was a good eldest son. His family was poor. He had ten siblings. He worked since the day he could walk, selling food and anything else he could at the market. His mother also cooked food and sold them at the market. He had no father. His father left them after his eleventh sibling was born. The good son was also intelligent. He was a straight A student. Because of his intelligence and hard work, he finished college. However, his youngest brother got sick. He needed a heart transplant. The waiting list was long for heart donors. The good son thought about his brother. He was also very intelligent and kind. He wanted to be a doctor. The good son told his brother’s doctor that he would donate his heart to his brother. The doctor was alarmed and said it could not happen, unless he died. The next day, the good son died of aneurism. His brother got his heart and lived. He became a doctor and saved many lives. It was 2666. The state was ruled by robots. Some of the leader robots wanted to kill all humans because they were weaker and less intelligent than they are. Others wanted to preserve them in zoos because they were the last of their kind. Other robots thought that humans still had a purpose. They could be slaves and do different jobs for them. The humans

Explain Mysticism and how it relates to Christiany Research Paper

Explain Mysticism and how it relates to Christiany - Research Paper Example ............................................. 6. Conclusion............................................................................................................... Thesis Statement: Religion and Mysticism are complimentary in nature, and Christianity has very closer association with Mysticism that stresses the need for prayer and meditation in one’s life. Introduction Mysticism has often been regarded as concept with a deeper level meaning in almost all religions of the world. It is the close association mysticism with religion that very often leads many to consider it as quite equal to some of the religions. But a closer analysis will certainly unveil mysticism as a different perspective from religious teachings. Even a mere observation will be sufficient enough for unearthing this close association and it is identifiable that some of the religions are proclaiming some of the aspects of mysticism. Among the religions that are very much associated with mysticism Christi anity stands to be a supreme one. Many researchers have clearly recognised this close association and have affirmed the closer relationship of Christianity with mysticism. The proximity between Christianity to mysticism had led many to think to supplement one with another. In a closer look one can find out that these two are different even though some apparent similarities are there. The closeness of mysticism and Christianity paves for the analytical study between these two. The proposed study is aimed to explore the close association between Christianity and Mysticism. Various factors concerning both Christianity and Mysticism will be analysed in the paper and specifically, the researcher will endeavour to establish the fact that religion and Mysticism are complimentary. The essay takes note on the relationship of Christian teachings to mysticism and will analyse the major components of mysticism and Christianity through comparative studies intended to expose their relation. There fore, the study proposes the thesis that, religion and Mysticism are complimentary in nature, and Christianity has very closer association with Mysticism that stresses the need for prayer and meditation in one’s life. What is mysticism? Researchers have often been expressed their difficulty in properly defining mysticism. Of course, the word mysticism is originated from Greek culture. Some regard it as quite similar to asking a foolish question like what beauty is. However, different religions attribute different aspects to mysticism. Many have observed it as more difficult to define than socialism and the words of William Ralph Inge makes it crystal clear when he reveals the various attributes of Mysticism. He says, â€Å"Sometimes it [mysticism] is used as an equivalent for symbolism or allegorism, sometimes for theosophy or occult science; and sometimes it merely suggests the mental state of a dreamer, or vague and fantastic opinions about God and the world† (Inge, 16). It clearly indicates the fact that defining mysticism is not easier as one thinks. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary defines mysticism as, ‘the belief that knowledge of God and the real truth can be found through prayer and meditation rather than through reason and the senses.’ A more acceptable fact regarding mysticism can be identified with Margaret Smith when she rightly commented thus, â€Å"Mysticism itself represents something much wider than its derivation: it represents a spiritual tendency which is universal, for we find it in

Allegory 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Allegory 3 - Assignment Example She only took their old clothes and things from their old life before they got rich. The truck driver was unrepentant. He continued his vices which consumed all his money. Soon, he woke up homeless and carless because his debts resulted to him losing everything. When he went to his old village, he found his wife living with another man, a truck driver who loved her and her children, a man who came home not smelling like alcohol and with red eyes from drug abuse, but one with a smile and long hugs for everyone. That night, the truck driver jumped from the bridge to embrace death that ended all his pain. One day, there was a good eldest son. His family was poor. He had ten siblings. He worked since the day he could walk, selling food and anything else he could at the market. His mother also cooked food and sold them at the market. He had no father. His father left them after his eleventh sibling was born. The good son was also intelligent. He was a straight A student. Because of his intelligence and hard work, he finished college. However, his youngest brother got sick. He needed a heart transplant. The waiting list was long for heart donors. The good son thought about his brother. He was also very intelligent and kind. He wanted to be a doctor. The good son told his brother’s doctor that he would donate his heart to his brother. The doctor was alarmed and said it could not happen, unless he died. The next day, the good son died of aneurism. His brother got his heart and lived. He became a doctor and saved many lives. It was 2666. The state was ruled by robots. Some of the leader robots wanted to kill all humans because they were weaker and less intelligent than they are. Others wanted to preserve them in zoos because they were the last of their kind. Other robots thought that humans still had a purpose. They could be slaves and do different jobs for them. The humans

Movie review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

Movie Review Example The opening scene can also be said to be well executed and even prepares the viewer for what is expected in the film at a later stage. The film later on transits to the main scene that touches on the return of Victor to Buenos Aires after the demise of his father (The Princess of France, 2014). Victor hopes to revive his previous work on the acting group for the radio play that was motivated by his getting a grant to produce Shakespeare’s plays. This style is indeed catchy and attractive to most of the viewers since they understand the theatrics applied by director Pià ±ero. The film also presents dramatic scenes of the female characters, but later the director shifts the story to the theme of the story that is explained by the Victor who struggles with the loss of his father by engaging in internet radio plays (The Princess of France, 2014). With this content and stylistic approach, the audience is glued to the next story and the ultimate end of the story. The most intriguing aspect about the film is the love triangle of Victor. The director explains how Victor learns that his longtime lover Paula had vanished and was also unfaithful to him. He slowly gets attracted to Ana who they had already conversed through email (The Princess of France, 2014). However, a great percentage of the women in the cast seem to have a strong attachment to him. In the course of his plays, Victor gets into rehearsals and recording plays. What makes this part noteworthy is the manner in which the camera focuses on Victor recounting lines from a play that show him swearing off women (The Princess of France, 2014). One can tell the confusion that Victor is going through, especially considering that he had a nasty past with the women. It would actually be argued that women have actually become a puzzle in Victor’ life. The most disturbing is how Victor struggles with the death of his father. It is even worse when he realizes that his former girlfriend h ad taken off.

What I Have Learned Essay Example for Free

What I Have Learned Essay The past three weeks I can say that I have learned quite a lot, I never really thought I could understand what entailed through organized crime. There are many different attributes that were involved to form organized crime. Without knowing exactly what those attributes are you would never be able to figure out what it takes to organize crime or even get why they call it organized crime. I would say to myself why do these mafia and big groups put so much time and effort into making sure that there plans to through and who heads up their plans because of the path that has been set from organized crime. I will be explaining the major areas concerning the foundations of organized crime. What two definitions best fits organized crime, how organized crime gained a foothold in the United States, How organized crime groups sought to influence government and the organization of organized crime groups in the post-Prohibition era. Conventional criminals are different from the persons that are involved with organized crime through variety and a larger scale. Organized crime has no political agenda. In every group or family there is a main boss, underboss and follows down the ladder. There are qualifications to be accepted into any crime family or group. In these groups they feel as if they are untouchable that they do not need to follow any laws, people must follow their laws. In any group they must keep their group strong so they have to constantly find new members, they only look for individuals who they think will be beneficial to their group. When a member is finally accepted into a family there are still rules and regulations that must be followed, if these rules are not followed your consequences could be death. Every person and/ or organization will have their own definition when it comes to organized crime it is like terrorism; every organization has its own definition to what consists of a terrorist. According to Donald Creesy organized crime is any crime that is committed by a person occupying in an establishment of labor, a position that is designed for a person from the commission to be that of a corrupter, a position for the corruptee, and one position for the enforcer. Donald Creepy’s definition I think is actually a good definition that truly can identify was the commission’s main task was for. I mean if you think about it the commission will find someone that is behind the lines of a company that they need ties with to get them the information and goods they need for the mob. Michael Maltz has a different perspective on the definition for organized crime. He says that organized crime is a crime that is made from more than one person, and the persons that are involved stay to be associated with each other for the purpose to succeed in committing the crimes. Michael Maltz also has a great definition because he wants every person that is involved with organized crime to be found at fault. For myself I would have to agree with Maltz because I do believe that every person that is involved with organized crime should be found guilty. How do you think you are going to stop a problem from happening if you do not try to find every person who is involved guilty; everything would stay the same and the matter would not be fixed. The attributes of organized crime are as follows has no political goals, is hierarchical, has limited or exclusive membership, constitutes a unique subculture, perpetuates itself, exhibits a willingness to use illegal violence, is monopolistic, and is governed by explicit rules and regulations. These eight attributes pretty much can show you how if they are not implemented then a group’s plan will not go as planned. As a part of the set of attributes it is only natural for a group to make sure that when they set up a plan every step that was made should be followed.

The Physics of a Parachute

The Physics of a Parachute The parachute is an effective tool for enhanced safety, although it is widely utilized by adrenaline seekers for enjoyment. Gravity is perhaps the most crucial force acting upon the parachute, because without which a parachute would not be needed. Gravity is applied to a mass indiscriminate of its size or shape. is the speed at which a mass will accelerate due to gravity through the air, with no opposing forces acting upon it. Air Resistance is the whole reason why a parachute works. The air is undisturbed until a mass passes through it, when that mass passes through air it is effectively the same as air flowing past a mass. When air cannot travel smoothly past a body it is called drag, when drag is applied to a mass, it slows the object and or the flow of air. When a parachute is opened, air is trapped under the fabric and is forced in a swirl in uneven patterns, when air swirls it increases drag and decreases the speed of a body. When air swirls it also reduces its efficiency, a parachute when passing through the air compromises this and depending on how large the physical size of the parachute it will slow the acceleration of the mass considerably. According to Dictionary.com, terminal velocity is the constant speed that a freely falling object eventually reaches when the resistance of the medium through which it is falling prevents further acceleration.This means that the terminal velocity of a falling mass occurs in free fall when a zero acceleration is felt, this meant that the mass doesnt accelerate anymore because the forces, air resistance and gravity, air resistance will eventually balance the masses weight and therefore will fall at a constant rate, this is terminal velocity. More simply put, terminal velocity is the fastest velocity that an object will fall due to gravity. The equation for terminal velocity is: The physical properties of wind resistance are obvious. When the parachute is opened, the drag is significantly increased, this is due to the massively increased area that: As the size of the canopy increases, the time taken for the parachute to reach the ground will proportionally increase.   Ã‚   As the mass of the object increases or decreases, the time taken for the parachute to reach the ground will increase or decrease consecutively. If the length of the suspension lines is increased, the time taken for the parachute to reach the ground will increase to a curtain point, then level out. Variables Changes made Time (seconds) Average (seconds) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Weight 0.01kg 1.3 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.475 0.02kg 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.250 0.03kg 2.2 2.9 2.5 3.0 2.650 Radius of parachute 0.05m 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.375 0.10m 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.675 0.15m 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.600 0.20m 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.6 1.900 Firstly, a parachute was created using light cloth and string. The diagram below is a representation of the design created. Next, the appropriate mass was attached to the parachute via the suspension lines. The person was positioned on the second floor. The height of the drop was then measured, the preliminary test data was collected. The following results were obtained through experimentation: Variable Changes made Time (seconds) Average (seconds) Weight (Kilograms) Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 0.005 2.03 2.25 2.22 2.34 2.21 0.01 1.96 1.98 1.88 2.04 1.97 0.01 2.07 1.85 1.83 1.75 1.88 0.02 1.32 2.04 1.41 1.53 1.58 0.025 1.42 1.50 1.47 1.46 1.46 0.03 1.56 1.25 1.03 1.41 1.31 Radius of Parachute (Metres) 0.05 2.36 2.37 2.40 2.33 2.37 0.07 2.45 2.42 2.48 2.50 2.46 0.09 2.54 2.56 2.52 2.58 2.55 0.11 2.64 2.69 2.71 2.68 2.68 0.13 2.72 2.83 2.80 2.75 2.78 Length of suspension lines (Metres) 0.05 2.20 2.52 2.58 2.62 2.48 0.07 2.25 2.25 2.24 2.16 2.23 0.09 2.48 2.45 2.10 2.28 2.32 0.10 2.35 2.27 2.45 2.52 2.40 0.12 2.56 2.31 2.23 2.34 3.36 The data was collected and has been analyzed. Patterns have been produced through the previous results. The results have shown that the mass of the object affects the speed at which the parachute falls. As the mass increases, the time shortens proportionally, this demonstrates that the relationship that occurs. The inability to access precise measuring equipment affected the results, as a consequence the results are inconsistent, although the majority of the results were close to the expected time. The As with all results, some of the above results were inconsistent. The results were as expected for the mass and the mass and the radius, the length of the suspension lines however was in consistent with the hypothesis. As the experiment progressed, it became clearer that they were References Basic Assumptions of Modern Physics Not Falsifiable. (2012, 7 13/10/2016). Retrieved from The world as computation: https://claesjohnsonmathscience.wordpress.com/2012/07/02/is-modern-physics-falsifiable/ Bourne, M. (2016, 2 29/10/2016). Differentiation (Finding Derivatives). Retrieved from Interactive Mathematics: http://www.intmath.com/differentiation/differentiation-intro.php Christian, D., Crossley, W. (1987). Essential Physics (Book one). Sydney: Sapphire Books. Davies, P., Harding, J. (Physics around you). 1991. Melbourne: Longman Cheshire. Dictionary.com. (2017). Terminal velocity. Retrieved from Dictionary.com: http://www.dictionary.com/browse/terminal-velocity Duncan, T. (2008). Physics (Fourth Edition). London: Hodder Education. Gaze, T., Lindsay, I., Maddern, D., Stelzer, T. (2006). Physics a Contextual Approach. Port Melbourne. Hall, N. (2015, 5 11/20/2016). conversion of momentum. Retrieved from NASA: https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/conmo.html How does placing objects in liquids affect the mass? (2012). Retrieved from Newtonian Mechanics: http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/19696/how-does-placing-objects-in-liquids-affect-the-mass Hyper Physics. (2000, 8 21/10/2016). The laws of Newton. Retrieved from Hyper physics: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/newt.html Maccaster, R. (1993). Physics. London: Stanley Thornes. Richcard, W. G. (2001). New Century Physics. Melbourne : Oxford. Skwirk online education. (2013). Law of Conservation of Energy. Retrieved from Skwirk online education: http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-4_u-308_t-756_c-2845/law-of-conservation-of-energy/nsw/law-of-conservation-of-energy/force-and-motion/energy Teichroew, D. (1954, june 30). Statistical Analysis of Experimental Parachute Test Data. Retrieved from National Bureau of Standards : http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/RPT/nbsreport3493.pdf The Physics Classroom. (2016). Distance and Displacement. Retrieved from The Physics Classroom: http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-1/Distance-and-Displacement Workshop Tutorials for Physics. (n.d.). Mechanics activities. Retrieved from Workshop Tutorials for Physics: http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/super/physics_tut/volume3/mechact.pdf expected for the mass and the mass and the radius, the length of the suspension lines however was in consistent with the hypothesis. As the experiment progressed, it became clearer that the

Copyright and Fair Use :: Legal Issues, Ethics

Copyright and fair use are prominent topics in today’s society where mass pirating of copyrighted material occurs. A product is considered copyrighted â€Å"when something is put into ‘tangible form’ the creator of the work owns a copyright,† (Simpson, 2005). Such tangible forms include movies, books, music, and etc. (Simpson, 2005). Therefore, â€Å"copyright is the law of the United States that protects the works of authors, artists, composers, and other from being used without permission,† (Cyberbee, n. d.). This means that if one wishes to use more than a limited amount of a copyrighted material, they will need to ask permission from the owner of the copyright (Richter, 2003). Although, one needs to be careful, because the copyright sign does not necessarily need to be present for a work to be considered copyrighted (Cyberbee, n. d.). So how does fair use play a part in the copyright law? Fair use allows â€Å"an author may make limited use of another author's work without asking permission,† (Nolo: Law for all, 2011). If one uses copyrighted material beyond fair use, it is considered an infringement. Infringement is basically a violation of the copyright law; although, it’s been stated that â€Å"the distinction between fair use and infringement may be unclear and not easily defined,† (United State Copyright Office, 2009). To avoid the possibly of an infringement, there are guidelines that need to be followed under the fair use doctrine. First off, there are four questions one must consider when using copyrighted material under the fair use doctrine: â€Å"purpose of use, nature of work, proportion/extent of the material used, and the effect on marketability,† (Newsome, 2000). Purpose of use refers to what a copyrighter material is going to be used for (i.e. education). The nature of the work deals with the type of material being used. For example, one needs to ask if the â€Å"copyrighted work published or unpublished, is the copyrighted work out of print, and is the work factual or artistic,† (University of Maryland University College [UMUC], 2011). The next point to consider is the amount of copyrighted material being used. However, allowed amounts depend on the type and length of material. For instance, ten percent or thirty seconds of a song may be used (depending on which one is less) (Information Technology Evaluation Services: Public Schools of North Carolina, 1997). Copyright and Fair Use :: Legal Issues, Ethics Copyright and fair use are prominent topics in today’s society where mass pirating of copyrighted material occurs. A product is considered copyrighted â€Å"when something is put into ‘tangible form’ the creator of the work owns a copyright,† (Simpson, 2005). Such tangible forms include movies, books, music, and etc. (Simpson, 2005). Therefore, â€Å"copyright is the law of the United States that protects the works of authors, artists, composers, and other from being used without permission,† (Cyberbee, n. d.). This means that if one wishes to use more than a limited amount of a copyrighted material, they will need to ask permission from the owner of the copyright (Richter, 2003). Although, one needs to be careful, because the copyright sign does not necessarily need to be present for a work to be considered copyrighted (Cyberbee, n. d.). So how does fair use play a part in the copyright law? Fair use allows â€Å"an author may make limited use of another author's work without asking permission,† (Nolo: Law for all, 2011). If one uses copyrighted material beyond fair use, it is considered an infringement. Infringement is basically a violation of the copyright law; although, it’s been stated that â€Å"the distinction between fair use and infringement may be unclear and not easily defined,† (United State Copyright Office, 2009). To avoid the possibly of an infringement, there are guidelines that need to be followed under the fair use doctrine. First off, there are four questions one must consider when using copyrighted material under the fair use doctrine: â€Å"purpose of use, nature of work, proportion/extent of the material used, and the effect on marketability,† (Newsome, 2000). Purpose of use refers to what a copyrighter material is going to be used for (i.e. education). The nature of the work deals with the type of material being used. For example, one needs to ask if the â€Å"copyrighted work published or unpublished, is the copyrighted work out of print, and is the work factual or artistic,† (University of Maryland University College [UMUC], 2011). The next point to consider is the amount of copyrighted material being used. However, allowed amounts depend on the type and length of material. For instance, ten percent or thirty seconds of a song may be used (depending on which one is less) (Information Technology Evaluation Services: Public Schools of North Carolina, 1997).

Hill Country snack food Co. Case Essay

Hill Country’s operating strategy and its impact on business risk & financial strategy The operating strategy is to produce high quality products through efficient, low-cost and aggressive operation as well as singular management. In detail, the company provides several kinds of snacks to satisfy different type’s customers. The company expands its presence into sporting events, movie theaters and other leisure events to attract customers. An efficient and low-cost operation is achieved by strong control of budgets and costs. Customers are satisfied by companies’ quick react to their requirements or preferences and reinvent and expand its products, showing the efficient management for the customer requirement. Also, all decisions are made in order to build shareholders’ value, indicating singular management. For the business risk, the snack foods industry was very competitive, facing off against competitors like PepsiCo and Snyder’s-Lance very day. In this high rivalry industry, company could not succeed by price increase. And unfavourable cost due to both internal and external factors is not easy to control. In order to control the business risk, the company is actively involved in the budget approval process, and the operating strategy has very important part to keep the costs under control. For the financial risk, the more debt financed the higher financial risk it is. The company’s risk avoidance strategy is manifested in its financing decision. The company is managed in preference for equity finance and against debt finance, investments are funded internally. The optimal capital structure for Hill Country The optimal capital structure is the capital structure at which the market value is maximised and the cost of capital is minimised. There are 3 alternative capital structures from pro forma 2011 financial information. If Hill take 60% debt to capital ratio, the company repurchases the most of the shares comparing with 20% and 40% debt to capital ratio structure, the debt would be B rated with highest interest rate of 7.7%, reflecting the higher risk. The net income would drop to $76M, however, the tax would reduce by around $12M, but the interest expense increases to $33.5M, there is big gap between them. In terms of the 20% debt to capital ratio one, the debt is  rated at AAA with 2.85% interest rate, the tax and interest both decreases and increases slightly, the EPS and dividend per share in 20% and 60% are less than which in 40% scenario. Regarding to the 40% debt to capital structure, the debt is rated at BBB with 4.4% interest rate. Also, the interest coverage ratio is strong(11.8). The very important part is that even the net income reduces by 8.5%, the EPS and dividend per share, are both the highest compared with 20% and 60% scenarios, thus adding value to the shareholders. In addition, it allows the firm not to be over leveraged, which is in favor of the firm that it does not want to have too much debts. The financial risk is the highest in the 60% scenario since the shareholders have the highest financial leverage(facing bankruptcy). According to the calculation(appendix), the highest value of the firm is $2482M under 40% debt scenario compared with 20% and 60% debt scenarios, thus maximizing the firm value. Therefore 40% debt to capital structure is recommended. Benefits of debt financing Debt financing allows control of business. Owner can made decision and does not need consider shareholders or investors. * Debt is tax-deductible. This means that it shields part of business income from taxes and lowers the tax liability. * The lender do not share the profits. Business only need to make repayment. * Debt is less expensive than equity due to its contractual nature and priority claim How large the benefits are depending on the magnitude of the tax benefit numbers, the benefits that reallocated to investors and whether the costs of debt that are less than the benefits from debts. Changes the capital structure? It is recommended that Hill Country to change the capital structure. The capital structure is too conservative, having negative impact on financial performance measures. Hill Country has excessive liquidity, and the interest rate is quite low, it is good opportunity to involve debts. The impacts of the change would be the increase in debt and decrease in equity. The company can get advantage of debts as mentioned before, it is aggressive growth strategy. And the financial ratios such as ROE, ROA, EPS, dividend per share as well as the value of firm would improve. Also, the repurchase of the shares will result in the increase in the share price. However, most lenders  provide severe penalties for late or missed payments, which may include charging late fees, taking possession of collateral, or calling the loan due early. Failure to make payments on a loan, even temporarily, can adversely affect a small business’s credit rating and its ability to obtain future financing. Debt financing is also borrowing against future earnings. This means that instead of using all future profits to grow the business or to pay owners, the firm has to allocate a portion to debt payments. Also, debt can limit future cash flow and growth, decreasing in equity could lead to higher debt-to-equity ratio. Alternatives to increase debt/decrease equity Instead of issuing debt, the firm can borrow debt from banks to increase debt. In order to reduce equity, another method is to rewards its investors by distributing a portion of its profits in the form of cash dividends. Since the cumulative earnings of a company are reported within the balance sheet equity account â€Å"retained earnings,† cash dividends are shown on the company’s financial statements as a direct reduction of the account. In addition, Increase expenses can bring the same effect. Depreciation is an operating expense that allows a business to allocate or spread the costs of its assets over the length of their useful life. The use of an accelerated depreciation method results in a higher depreciation expense during the asset’s earlier years of service, resulting in a lower net income and equity balance during this time. Conclusion and Recommendation Due to the strong cash balance and high liquidity of the firm, it is recommended that Hill Country to take 40% debt to capital finance with respect to the several benefits with the debt financing to increase the firm value. Also, the firm can consider the alternative ways to change the capital structure. Appendix NOPAT=EBIT(1-tax) tax rate=35.5% Hamada equation: Beta L=Beta U[1+(1-T)(D/E) Risk free rate(Rf)=1.8% Market interest rate(Rm)=3.8% cost of equity=Rf+ Beta L*(Rm-Rf)

McDonald’s Faces “Millennial” Challenge Essay

McDonald’s has been around for nearly 60 years and is accustomed to dominating the fast food industry. However, McDonald’s is losing that dominance to the more modern fast-casual restaurants such as Chipotle and Panera Bread. People of ages 22-37, also known as millennials, are a major reason for the decrease of McDonald’s success because they seem to prefer the healthier and more modern option. Fast-casual restaurants big selling point is the freshness and healthiness of the food they provide. While it may be slightly more expensive than the combo-meal choices at McDonald’s, millennials seem to care more about the quality and freshness of their food over paying bottom dollar. Take a fast-casual restaurant like Chipotle, for example. Their â€Å"claim-to-fame† is that they use the freshest meat available and allow the customer to see the food they are getting before they order and eat it. Another popular characteristic of Chipotle is that there is no set menu. There is a list of ingredients which you can pick and choose from; on the contrary, McDonald’s has an extensive menu of pre-selected combo choices which doesn’t allow for much personalization from the customer. Because of this wide variety of options at fast-casual restaurants, McDonald’s is beginning to lose many of its’ â€Å"millennial† customers. Not only is McDonald’s losing customers in the United States, but they are also experiencing a sales and customer decline globally. One recent crisis in China involved the selling expired meats to customers. McDonald’s reported a sales decrease of 7.3% in the Asia/Pacific, Middle East, and African regions. Recently, McDonald’s has admitted to having and overly large menu which resulted in slow service times to customers. In conclusion, McDonald’s will need to make some necessary changes if they wish to regain the coveted business of millennials. First, they could have less preset combos and allow the customer to pick which stuff they would like to pair up. The more power that is in the customer’s hands, the happier that customer will be because they are getting exactly what they want.  Another thing that needs to happen is to become healthier and more modern. Recently, McDonald’s has incorporated wraps into their menu which is a good start. Fast-casual restaurants are appealing to most millennials because they have the healthier/fresher foods. In order for this fast food chain to survive and thrive once again, they will need to make the changes necessary to get them there.

Failure Analysis Change Strategy Essay

Team â€Å"A† reveals the circumstances regarding the failure analysis of an hotelier and how a CEO leads an organizational change processes to prevent an impending failure of the company. To counterbalance the hotelier business failure analysis, the team discusses the success analysis of Apple Inc. The team identifies each organization’s mission and vision statements with a behavioral theory explanation discussing the success and failure indicators. Research focuses on which specific organizational behavior theories could possibly explain the company’s failure or success, bureaucrat’s roles, and organizational structure and culture. Leading organizational change identifies the most vital areas for change, potential barriers in the changing process, addressing political and power issues, and steps implementing the organizational using the John Kotter’s 8-step plan. Business Failure Analysis Apple’s Mission statement Apple does not clearly define a mission statement. According to Farfan (2014), â€Å"Apple ends their press releases with a statement that resembles what a traditional mission states is expected to be†¦Apple commits to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings† (The Mission Statement, Global Vision, and Values of Apple, Inc.). Vision. Tim Cook, current CEO of Apple, does not have a simple vision for the company. During a 2009 interview, Cook mentions several values behind the company leading the vision Cook expects; â€Å"We believe that we are on the face of the earth to make great products and that’s not changing, we are constantly focusing on innovating and we believe in the simple, not the complex† (Hull 2012, para. 5). Apple’s Success. Apple’s approach to success bases itself on a  redesign by t he former CEO in 1997, Steve Jobs. Jobs partners with several organizations such as Microsoft and CompUSA forming a strategic alliance with Apple products. According to Finkle and Mallin (2010), Steve Jobs states â€Å"the reason why his companies have become so successful is because they hire the very best people in the world to work for them; his business savvy, negotiation skills, and propensity to take risks enable him to transform technology into companies that flourish† (p. 38). Apple’s leadership style is a major contribution in the company’s success. Charismatic, inspiring, flexible, receptive and free spirit describe former CEO Steve Job’s; constantly challenging employees and influencing a team environment where individuals can voice ideas (Toma and Marinescu, 2013). Apple’s Successful Behavioral Theories. Two behavioral theories contributing to Apple’s success during Steve Jobs tenure are the top-down creative process and situational â€Å"Zen like† transformational leadership style Job’s runs the organization with. Eliminating layers of bureaucracy enables Apple to conf orm in a transitioning global market possessing pioneering the technology into new markets. Top-Down Management. During Steve Jobs tenure at Apple, the company incorporates a strong top-down creative process eliminating bureaucracy. This enables information to go directly to Jobs and then filters to sub-teams as specific assignments for completion (Robbins & Judge, 2013, p. 506). This process eliminates a top-heavy culture of management increasing product to market response time. â€Å"Organizational behavior theories mirror the subject matter with which they deal, and people are complex and complicated† (Yukl, 2013, p. 15). Situational Leadership. Jobs address the market with a leadership style conforming to market demands. Eliminating a traditional culture of managers within Apple enables Jobs to manage Apple directly and effectively on a global scale. The situational leadership style works for Job’s as the passion toward the company, consumers, and operations are thought of on a global scale. on a cross functional global scale enables the company to adapt to needs and demands o n a global scale. Apple’s Organizational Leadership. Apple’s role of leadership during the Steve Jobs era concentrates on simplification; taking responsibilities end to end; when behind, leapfrog; put products before profit; don’t be a slave to focus  groups; bend reality; impute; push before perfection; know both the big picture and the details; tolerate only â€Å"A† players; engage face to face; combine the humanities with the sciences; and stay hungry and foolish† (Isaccson, 2012). Management. Apple’s managers posses extensive knowledge about the services and products competitors are providing for the market. This ability enables the organization to formulate new ideas raising the bar for their competitors; Apple takes innovation to a new level. Managers and leadership both seek new ideas taking technology into completely new areas. This in conjunction with a completely lean management approach contributes to extraordinary productivity at Apple (Sullivan, 2011). Organizational Structure. Apple’s organizational structure is simple. â€Å"There are no committees at Apple, general management is frowned upon, and only one person, the chief financial officer, has a responsibility for costs and expenses that lead to profits and losses† (Lashinsky, 2011). Culture. The culture at Apple is very informal and demanding from employees. Rather than a work/life balance many organizations proudly emphasize, Apple makes it clear throughout the organization that it seeks committing, extremely hard-working individuals. An example here on the company website proudly states: â€Å"This isn’t your cushy corporate nine to fiver† (Apple, 2014). This reinforcement repeats itself throughout the website instilling a demand for a culture to share an obsession getting every last detail right. â€Å"Leave your neckties, bring your ideas† (Apple, 2014). Innkeepers USA Trust Objectives and Mission Since its bankruptcy and other acquisitions, Innkeepers USA Trust objectives and mission possess no clear definition. Innkeepers USA Trust was widely known as one of leading owners of extended-stay and upscale hotel properties across the United States. In reference to O a real estate investment trust (REIT), Innkeepers USA Trust owns interest in several hotels in many states. The organization’s focal point at one time is to acquire, develop, rebrand, and reposition hotel properties. This organization’s general purpose, prior to failing, is to acquire and develop real estate investments increasing shareholder profit. Behavior theory predicting Innkeepers, USA Failure The company’s failures are a result of cutbacks on both business and consumer levels. With decreasing travel, increasing fuel costs, rising energy expense, an abundance of new hotels entering the market, and over $1 billion in debt, Innkeepers USA was forced to file bankruptcy (McCarty & Kary, 2010). Preventing the failure of Innkeepers USA Let’s look at some of the vital areas needing change at Innkeepers USA. â€Å"As property values fall and business dry up during the recession, Innkeeper USA cannot meet financial obligations paying down loans (Aquino, 2011). The organization must restructure and work its way out of bankruptcy. Evolving technology, world cultures, and property employee support need attention in order for the company to be successful. Through the use of evolving technology, the company creates the Hilton performance Advantage system. This system includes a global online service for customers and property owners. Specific customer service sites address every company location throughout the world and staff with employees who are fluent in their native languages. A global e-commerce team and revenue management consolidation center allows property managers to seek guidance from staff specializing in specified sales management and revenue topics. These teams assist with research, strategies, and ma nagement needs for individual property owners. Barriers to Change Technology education is one of the largest challenges. The organization organizational strategies to grow the company back to a profitability and sustainability state. As a result of the recession, most organizations decrease and terminate employee travel to minimize expenses. As a result, opportunities for online growth increase reaching customers on a global scale. Cultural issues need attention. Employees fluent in many languages are made available to assist customers in these cultures improving customer care. Each individual property needs evaluations to assess the needs of the demographics; properties cannot be cookie cutter designs. Employee support services create a cultural balance in the company. Educational support is on line; anytime, anywhere a company employee can receive the guidance they seek without waiting. This results from the installation of newer technologies. Power and Political Issues As Innkeepers USA Trust struggles with decreasing room revenue, debt burdens, and liquidity constraints, the real estate investment trust finds itself with power and political issues. Two perspectives of power issues in this organization are the finite and infinite perspective of power. The finite perspective of power is the competitive spirit of an organization that spurs productivity and focuses on winning. Through its competition and power perspective, the organization will ultimately diminish returns; in which Innkeepers USA Trust finds itself in this power struggle by oversupplying new hotels while room revenues are stagnate. Understanding Innkeepers USA Trust power and political struggles, issues require the infinite perspective of power and expert power. An infinite perspective of power seeks to understand that winning or losing is not the main issue. The purpose of an infinite power is to sustain. To sustain Innkeepers USA Trust, Learning Team A suggests acorporate strategy a pproach basing this on skill and knowledge. An example is Apple’s previous CEO, Steve Jobs. Job’s possess expert power. Job’s first hand involvement with many of Apple’s innovations creates a dependency the company relies on propelling innovation. According to Robbins & Judge (2013), expert power is one of the most effective bases of power to influence a company and is positively related to employee’s satisfaction (p. 416). Implementing Change To successfully implement change within Innkeepers USA Trust, Learning Team A suggests following Dr. John Kotter’s eight-step process. According to Kotter’s process, a majority of organizations fail because they do not take a holistic approach that is required to see the change (Robbins & Judge, 2013, p.586). The team will establish a sense of urgency creating a compelling reason as to the change, form a powerful coalition leading change, create a new vision to direct change, plan for, create, and reward short term wins that move the organization toward the new vision, reinforce the change by demonstrating the relationships between new behaviors and organizational success (Robbins & Judge, 2013, p.586). Conclusion In conclusion, there are many factors in consideration when developing and maintaining a successful organization. It’s important to develop a strategy to meet organizational goals. Looking at the success and failures of existing organizations is an invaluable strategy in developing and maintaining organizational victory. Team â€Å"A† reveals the circumstances regarding the failure analysis of an hotelier and how a CEO leads an organizational change processes to prevent an impending failure of the company, which specific organizational behavior theories could possibly explain the company’s failure or success, and the organizational change identifying the most vital areas for change with recommendations from John Kotter’s 8-step plan. References Aquino, J. (2011).15 Companies that died in the past year: Business Insider, Retrieved June 24, 2014, from http://www.businessinsider.com/15-companies-that-tanked-2011-3?op=1#ixzz35z4L2CQt Farfan, B. (2014). Apple Inc. mission statement is not very innovative and barely a mission at all. Retrieved from http://retailindustry.about.com/od/retailbestpractices/ig/Company-Mission-Statements/Apple-Inc–Mission-Statement.htm Finkle, T. A., & Mallin, M. L. (2010). Steve Jobss and Apple Inc. Journal of the International Academy of Case Studies, 16(7), 31-40. Hull, P. (2012). Be visionary. Think big. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/patrickhull/2012/12/19/be-visionary-think-big/ Issacson. W. (2012). The Real Leadership Lessons of Steve Jobss. Retrieved from: hrb.org/2012/04/the-real-leadership-lessons-of-steve-Jobss/-The Real Leadership Lessons of Steve Jobss – Harvard Business Review Lashinsky. A. (2011). How Apple Works: Inside the world’s biggest startup. Retrieved from: fortune.com/201/08/25/how-apple-works-inside-the-worlds-biggest-startup-2/-How Apple works: Inside the world’s biggest startup McCarty. D. & Kary. T. (2010). Apollo Investment’s Inkeepers USA Trust Files for Bankruptcy in New York. Retrieved June 29, 2014 from: www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-07-19/inkeepers-usa-apollo-investment-unit-files-for-bankruptcy-in-new-york.html Robbins, S. R. & Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Sullivan. J. (2011). Talent Management Lessons from Apple: A Case Study of the world’s most valuable firm. Retrieved from: www.ere.net/2011/09/12/talent-management-lessons-from-apple-a-case-study-of-the-worlds-most-valuable-firm-part-1-of-3/ Toma, S., Ph D., & Marinescu, P., Ph D. (2013). Steve Jobss and modern leadership. Manager, (17), 260-269. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1518528902?accountid=35812 Worlds most admired companies. (2011). Retrieved from http://fortune.com/worlds-most-admired-companies/apple-1/ Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson /Prentice Hall. Retrieved from: https://newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/om3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/contextid/ (LDR/531)/ context / cdg/ view/activityDetails/activity/270c6ef7-2f01-4c47-8c71-5ba7a9d19509/ expanded/False

The impact of globalisation on work and employment Essay

The impact of globalisation on work and employment - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that globalisation has over the years led to the development of diverse changes in almost all sectors of the global economy and these include having an impact on work and employment. Globalisation is a force that has come to lead to a serious break with past practices and has instead ushered in a new era where employment opportunities, as well as work, have become more accessible for some part of the population. While this has been the case, globalisation has become essential for the sustenance of the economy because it is through the new trends that it has brought about that it has become possible for the different needs of the market to be satisfied. However, despite its being a significant factor in the global economy, it has also brought about a situation where the said economy has come to be dictated upon by market forces. Globalisation has brought about the importance of market forces which have had an impact on work and employment. I t has been argued that globalisation has led to a situation where the new market that has developed is one has changed the nature of work and organisations for the better. It has further been argued that these changes are increasingly becoming relevant because a significant number of individuals in the world today are taking advantage of opportunities presented within the new work system in order to ensure that the take an active part in the economy. Newer organisational changes have made sure that the work environment has become more flexible and is one which helps in the personal development of employees involved.

Market Segmentation and domino effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Market Segmentation and domino effect - Essay Example The strategy formulation is when the revelation of business strengths and weaknesses, for the growth of a wide range of strategic plans for the successful administration of environmental openings and threats. The corporate projects are redefined by signifying attainable goals, emergent strategies, and setting execution procedure. Strategy formulation is germane both for organization's proposal in general and for individual product. Economic Conditions: economic conditions of the area or territory where the company market their product can affect the sales of the product. Thus it is important to understand the economic conditions such as unemployment rate, inflation rate, interest rate etc. before launching the product Innovation is the process of creating a commercial product or process and also an invention of the product. Thus, in terms of creating value, an invention's potential is reached only when a firm develops and sells a product that satisfies customer's current or unmet needs. McDonalds is known a the most popular fast food chain, with more than 3000 franchises in almost every country of the world. The global annual sale of McDonald is 57 billion dollars while more than 25 billion dollars only in America (Arndt, 2007: 64-72). Committed to stringent standards of product quality, service and cleanliness, McDonalds uses value pricing (the source of relatively low costs to customers) while offering menu and storefront variety and relying on the power of its brand name (sources of differentiation). Globally, McDonalds seeks to provide its combination of relatively low costs and some levels of differentiation in a culturally sensitive manner. In India, for example, the Maharaja Mac, which is made from lamb, substitute for the beef-based Big Mac. Popular corn soup is offered on the chain's menu in its Japanese units (MacArthur, 2001:13 -53). McDonalds marketing strategy mainly focus on children, parents having young children, teenagers and business workers. Market Segmentation for McDonald's new burger The company which practice the strategy of market segmentation is discouraging broad segmentations sections because minor segmentation helps in focusing and better understanding of the consumers. An advertising company states, "there will be no market for products that everybody likes a little, only for products that somebody likes a lot" (Cutler, p.76, 1989). While other marketers are of the view that market segmentations are very important (Linneman & Stanton, 1991: 50-67). McDonald has been in the fast food industry for a long time and it has ample experience of new food products. Statistics have depicted that the size of fast food industry has reached, to the annual growth of 4.8% in the industry of fast food. McDonald's per year income is almost 102.4 billion dollars, along with the global

Position Statement (outline) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Position Statement (outline) - Essay Example A single expense such as house rent is capable of taking up almost half of one’s salary. Businesses can also abuse the work-market since minimum wages ensure that businesses give their employees a reasonable sum of money to pay the bills, whether one is skilled or unskilled. Minimum wage, finally, forces businesses to share their vast wealth with the producers of the wealth. Some executives take millions home in bonuses even when a company posts a loss. Therefore, it is not much to ask that they give the employee at least a guaranteed set pay. a) Economics’ most fundamental principle is demand and supply and, in the case of labor, supply of workers normally goes up with the appreciation of wages, with the demand for workers going down with an appreciation in wages. An employer backed, into a corner, to pay a certain amount of money to a janitor by the government might decide not to employ a janitor, instead making the other employees pick up the janitor’s duties. b) Setting a mandatory wage limit causes a disruption of the demand and supply market forces (Neumark & William 13). As the minimum wages rise, the number of people in employment drops and vice versa. It is fundamental to remember that minimum wages will only apply if an individual is employed. c) Many businesses such as automakers have mundane tasks that can be performed by machines. Forcing them to institute a minimum wage structure will lead to increased mechanization. Spending up-front money for this mechanization seems a fair price to pay compared to paying set wages that exclude the rules supply and demand. a) Outsourcing of jobs eventually leads to a reduction in the number of jobs accessible to the citizens. An increase in labor costs, say in the United States, will lead to the creation of an added incentive to hire labor from Canada and Mexico. b) Companies facing rising labor costs, further, experience more

The Friedman Family Assessment Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Friedman Family Assessment Model - Essay Example The family acts as a system within a larger social framework, and each family belonging to this framework employs a different approach to health care provision. Every family acts as a support system for its members and transmits fundamental elements of culture to every member (Spector, 2004). Some of these beliefs and structures may provide challenges or barriers to types of health provisions and treatments. The Morrison family consisted of Mr. and Mrs. Morrison, Luke, Matt, Katie, and Bo. Luke was the eldest followed by Matt, Kate, and Bo was the youngest. The family lived in Crow Lake region in Ontario, Canada. Mr. Morrison worked at a local bank, and the children were in school. Luke had secured a scholarship in the university and had been admitted to study teaching. Matt had excelled in his high school and had secured a slot in the university. Mr. and Mrs. Morrison had gone shopping in preparation for Matt’s admission in the university. On their way back, they were involve d in an accident and died. The children were orphaned, and Luke had to decline the scholarship in order to take care of the family. Matt also impregnated Marie, a neighbor’s daughter, and could not join the university. Kate was successful in her education and became a professor at the university in Toronto. FFAM has six assessment categories, but the two most relevant to the Morrison family are family stress, coping, and adaptation and family functions (Friedman, Bowden, & Jones, 2003). The two categories are significant due to the stressful conditions subjected to the children after the death of their parents. The children had to look after themselves and received a little help from the neighbors. The family functions were also changed after the tragedy. Luke and Matt became the fathers of Bo and Katie. They work in the fields in order to finance the education of their sisters and meet other family needs. Family Stress, Coping and Adaptation Family stressors, strengths, and perceptions This category is necessary since the death affected their normal living conditions, caused different perceptions, and the children utilized their strengths to counter the stressors. The children have to take care of each other. The demise occurs when they were still young; Luke is 18 years and Bo is still a toddler. The death causes stress among the children, especially Luke and Matt who were left with parenthood responsibilities. The Morrison family has a motto â€Å"thou shalt not emote† that helps them counter the effects of the stress (Lawson, 2002). The motto helps Kate suppress her emotions throughout her education, which makes her uninterested in relationships. The death of parents is a leading stress factor in families, especially when children are left without caretakers (Holtslander, 2005). Matt also experiences a setback when Marie becomes pregnant, and her father commits suicide. Matt is forced to take care of her and moves to her father’s house . He has to cope with the stressful condition of taking care of his family and helping Luke look after Kate and Bo. The two brothers are responsible for educating and providing health care to Kate and Bo. The family derives its strength from the decision to stick together, look for jobs, and get help from the nei

The Possible Benefit from Tobacco Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Possible Benefit from Tobacco - Term Paper Example In order to have a clear understanding of the importance of cigarette taxes, it is appropriate to give a historical background of the object- cigarettes. Historically, tobacco became popular in the United States in 17th century which was often associated with slavery since tobacco plantations required massive manpower. However, when America started trading with other colonies after the American Revolution, tobacco in the form of cigarettes became popular. The origin of cigarette smoking can be traced to Western Europe. The cigarette was actually smoked by members of the lower class population in Andalusia which was adapted by the French during their conquests there. Later during the Victorian period, the British adopted tobacco to suit their taste and style but in the form of â€Å"dainty looking cigarette† which can used by the ladies (Burns 132 ). In the United States, Maryland and Virginia competed heavily in tobacco farming resulting to the establishment of two different types of auction system for loose-leaf. This caused tremendous pressure to the government leading to the enactment of the Tobacco Inspection Act that directs the Secretary of Agriculture to impose controls on the tobacco Industry ( McGrew ). In addition to this, McGrew asserts that the government imposed regulation since â€Å"the tobacco industry provided more than $4.8 billion in taxes in 1971† (USDA, Tobacco Situation, 1971b: 44). Strictly speaking, the first federal excise tax on tobacco was included in the Alexander Hamilton’s tax.

Kant & Deontology Essay Example for Free

Kant Deontology Essay When people think of Ethical Theory then the word morals, respect, and honesty seem to come to mind. Kant devised an ethical theory that is broken down into major elements to explain what he believes is ethical for society to believe. This is where the act of good will comes to existence and the nature of a person’s demeanor comes into how he or she decides what is the right or wrong thing to do. When the laws are put into place to help people know what society has decided what is ethical. Next, would be the decision making process of doing what is right or wrong. Looking at personal gain is not morally correct and having no respect for what is right is hard for a person to decide. He or she must have the decision making process developed or taught to ensure successful outcomes in ethical dilemmas. The major elements of Kant’s ethical theory is a person should not use another as a means to satisfy a personal desire and that morality is based on universal rules much like what is referred as the Golden Rule. The principles of Kantianism have hypothetical and categorical imperatives. We have a duty to ourselves and to others and while we have the ability to rationalize, our actions are not always rational. When using another as a means it should be without coercion or lying and the end should be such that they would be willing to being used. Actions requiring the use of deception are wrong and unjust. One does not make false promises. â€Å"For Kantians, respect for another person is fundamental. The fact that we are rational is of infinite value: we can plan, choose, and anticipate our future. † (Stairs, 1997.Pg 4). In Kantianism, justice ranks higher than happiness and if the act is not unjust then it is not immoral or wrong. Kant thought of â€Å"good will† as a deed done for wise regulation motives from a purpose of responsibility. This instructs and benefits as a categorical imperative for all ethical judgments rather than speculative or relying facts (Deontology Kant, 2005). Kant’s theory is basically an example of deontological, which judges morality by reviewing the nature of actions and the will of agents rather than goals obtained. The system of deontology is supported by rules and principles, which verify decisions. Kant proposed the categorical imperative, the views that every person should act on only those methods that he or she, as a wise person would direct as popular laws to be pertained to the whole of mankind (Ethical Theories Approaches, 2001). Imperative includes treating others how he or she as a person wants to be treated basically respecting others. Categorical imperatives are essentials: * Actions pass or fail * No grey areas * But the cracks appear in unlikely places (Deontology and Kant, 2005). In the decision making process within the Kantian approach, ethical decisions are based on his or her sense of duty. The word duty is derived from the Greek word Deon (deontological). Duty refers to the acts of a person based on the principles of morality. In this decision making approach a person must make decisions based on what is right rather than the good consequences that will follow. A person must make the morally right decision regardless of the good or bad outcome. Categorical imperative is what determines whether an act is morally right or wrong. The requirements of categorical imperatives are that moral principles are applied by respecting humanity. All humanity is to be respected and no one is allowed to be exploited. In this deontological point of view a person should act rational person and make self-imposed decisions. In conclusion, Kant wants people to understand how to understand the ethical theory that society should follow. If a person is looking for something in return for doing a good deed it is not considered a good deed. If he or she does unto others how they want to be treated then that is the moral duty to do right by everyone. Good will is an important ethical element in Kant’s theory because if a person is not willing to do for others and not expecting anything in return then the nature of things will be chaotic and order will be lost. This is where the decision making process comes into play meaning if society chooses to help others without thinking of what is in it for them than good will has happened. Nature is where everything comes in balance and works in harmony with one another. People are part of nature and following the elements of ethical theory is essential to everyday living in order to live in a peaceful world. Reference Stairs, A. (1997). Kant’s Ethical Theory. Retrieved from https://www. stairs. umd. edu/140/kant. html Ethical Theories and Approaches. (2001). Ethical Theories and Approaches. Retrieved from: http://techsci. msun. edu Deontology and Kant. (2005). Business and Ethical Thinking: An Ethic of Duty. Retrieved from: www. bola. biz.